Selecting a rod is not difficult. Though there are literally thousands of choices, there are three things you will need to know: the rod “weight” , the rod length, and the action of the rod.
Most rods sold today are made from graphite which is a huge improvement from years past. The advantages of graphite rods are that they are very lightweight, strong, and will consistently cast your fly. For a beginner, I wouldn’t consider anything but a graphite rod. Also, most reputable manufacturers have an unconditional replace or repair lifetime warranty for their rods. Don’t buy a rod that doesn’t have this warranty. I’d bet a majority of anglers have broken a rod or two in their lives and knowing you can get a free replacement is worth paying the extra money up front.
The prices of graphite rods can range from less than $50 to over $1,000. You should be able to purchase a good quality graphite rod with a lifetime warranty for under $100.
Rod Weight - The purpose of the fly fishing rod is to cast the fly to a desired target to catch a fish. Since the fly tied at the end of the line is very light, the line must have weight in order to cast it any distance. This is different than spin fishing where the weight comes from the lure.
Fly fishing rod manufacturers design rods to cast a specific line weight to achieve optimum results. 2, 3, and 4 weight rods are designed to catch smaller fish and casting relatively short distances. They are ideal for small streams or fishing for small fish in lakes. 5 and 6 weight rods are good general purpose rods that can be used just about anywhere. Rods weight 7 and larger are good for fishing for larger fish like steelhead or salmon where you will catch heavy fish or need cast long distances.
If the bulk of your fishing will be in small streams, rivers, and lakes, a general purpose 5 weight rod should be all you need. As you gain experience and want to try hand at small creeks or for larger fish, you can always purchase a second rod.
Rod Length – Rods come in varying lengths from 7 to over 10-feet. The majority are manufactured around 9-feet. You will want a shorter rod if you are casting short distances in tight areas with lots of brush or trees around you. Most short rods are lighter weight rods. Conversely, longer rods are available if you need to cast a long distance with little obstructions around you.
A 9-foot rod is a good length for general purpose fishing unless you know for certain you will need a shorter or longer rod.
Rods are manufactured in several pieces so they can be stored and transported more safely and easily. They come in 2, 3, 4, and sometime even 5 pieces that are slid together to make your final length. There is no loss in performance with a rod that breaks down in more pieces, so I would recommend purchasing a 3 or 4 piece rod. They may cost slightly more, but they much easier to pack around than a 2 piece rod.
Rod Action – The action of the rod is a little more ambiguous than the rod weight or length. The action is essentially where the rod flexes when a load is applied. Rods come in three action types: slow, medium, and fast.
Slow action rods will bend in the bottom third of the rod near your reel. A slow action rod could be described as “whippy” and can be hard to cast long distances. A Medium action rod will bend near the middle of the rod. Fast action rods could be considered “stiff” and bend in the last third of the rod. They will provide more power when casting and thus more distance. A drawback is that fast action rods are more susceptible to break near the tip if not used correctly when landing fish.
In general, most beginners should purchase a fast action rod as it is easier and more accurate when cast longer distances. However, you should try casting the rod before purchasing it. Take it for a test drive. This will determine what action best suites your style of casting.
Choosing the correct fly fishing equipment is not difficult once you know what type of fishing you will be doing. Are you trying to catch salmon off the ocean coast or smaller 12-inch trout from a mountain stream in Montana? Each condition will generally require a different size rod, reel, and line to maximize your ability (and enjoyment) in catching fish.
Rods, lines, and reels are all matched by "weight" to more accurately and easily present your fly and give you the necessary casting distance. It all starts with the line weight for your particular type of fishing. Rods are designed to cast or a specific line weight while reels are designed to hold specific weight lines. Smaller weight combinations (2 to 4 weight) are generally used to catch small fish. Medium size combos (5 or 6 weight) are good for fishing rivers and lakes where you may catch fish up to 4 or 5 pounds. Larger weights are good for those big lunkers.
You will also want to consider items like waders and wading boots. These will undoubtedly make your experience better but more importantly, safer. Vests are used to carry all your gear. And there are miscellaneous accessories like nets, sunglasses, and other tools that will also help make your life easier when out on the water fly fishing. I won’t kid you, it will take some money to purchase the equipment, but you shouldn’t have to take out a second mortgage to get a good quality rod, reel and line. Just make sure you purchase the correct weight for your type or fishing and you’ll be set.
The Prespa is second largest lake in Macedonia. The lake is settled in the south-western part of the Republic of Macedonia and lies in the Prespa valley, between the Resen field and Baba, Suva Gora and Galičica mountain. South - eastern of the lake Golem Grad is the point that connect the Macedonian - Greek - Albanian border.
The lake of Prespa covers and area of 274 sq km, of which 176,8 sq km are in Macedonia, 49,4 sq km are in Albania and 47,8 sq km are in Greece. It lies of an attitude of 853 above the sea level.
The lake is contained from Golema Prespa and Mala Prespa and the second one Mala Prespa as a gulf, deeply enters in south-west between the Suva Gora and Galičica mountain. The length of the lake is 28,6 km and the width is 16,9 km. The approximately depth of the lake is 18,75 meters and the deepest point is at Golubino depression, 54 meters. On the bottom of the lake there are more depressions like, Nivička, Konjska and Stenjska. The coast of the western part of the lake is fill of cliffs, while the eastern part of fill of beautiful sand beaches.
On the east coast there are many famous tourist places as Asamati, Krani, while on the western coast near the Oteševo village is the most beautiful hotel, on the shores of this lake, "Evropa". On the Albanian side of the lake, there are also 9 villages (of which 9 are populated by Macedonians), among which the famous, Pustec is on the shores of the lake. Also on the Greek side the are villages populated by Macedonians, but most of them are ruined due to the Macedonian Front (1916-1918).
There is one peninsula, Konjski, where the Konjsko village is settled and one island Golem Grad with it's residents, the snakes. It is also known as the island of the snakes. Today it is abandoned by people. The island Golem Grad covers an 18 hectares area. Archaeological excavations undertaken on the island have shown that it was inhabited from Hellenistic to mediaeval times. Traces of the various historical periods can be found on the island, including two 14th century churches, St. Peter and St. Demetrius. The church of St. Peter was erected and fresco painted in the 14th century, in 1360, during the reign of tzar Volkašin. It is a single-nave construction in the vicinity of which there is a small two-floor inn, a witness of the monastery life, which took place in this region.
As part of Galičica National Park, its rare plant and animal life that have been preserved through the centuries, are strictly protected. Boat trips may be taken around the island, and escorted land trips are available under the auspices of the park authorities. The Prespa lake, most important water sources are, Golema Reka, Brajčinska Reka and Kranska and the Malo Prespa lake, that is 3 meters above the Golemo Prespa lake. So through the place Perovo the water from the Malo Prespa lake flows, in the Golemo Prespa lake.
The water of the lake has it's highest temperature in August, 24,3 degrees, while in the winter is the coldest and sometimes may freeze. The color of the water is variable yellow-green and heavenly blue.
There are 11 types of fish swimming in the waters of the Prespa lake, of which 82% are of types of carp. While the famous are carps and the Nivička small fish.
LEPTIRICE
su varalice koje privlace ribe bljeskom i vibracijama koje proizvodi rotirajuci leptir. Upotreba leptirica sa spinkast priborom zahteva upotrebu vrtilice. One proizvode veliku turbulenciju pa okretanjem oko svoje ose mogu ostetiti najlon. Vrtilica moze biti bilo gde postavljena. Moze se postaviti odmah ispred varalice,isto kao i tridesetak cm. ispred varalice, sto je mozda i bolje jer imace manje uticaja na rad i balans leptirice kao i na njenu imitaciju ribice, ako je manja leptirica u pitanju. Ako pecate basa ili stuku sa teskim leptiricama, vrtilica ispred same varalice nece imati nikakvog uticaja na nju. Vecina leptirica je napravljena sa trokrakim varalicama. Jednokrake mogu biti bolje resenje za pecanje salmonida u manjim rekama, a i leptirica sa jednokrakom se manje mrsi oko najlona pri zabacaju, lakse se odmrsuje a i efikasnost zabadanja pri kontri moze biti veca.
Leptirice privlace ribu kako vibracijama koje proizvode, tako i zvukom. Odsjaj leptira imitira krljust manje ribe u begu, ili moze naterati ribu da je napadne iz radnolosti kao i u samoodbrani. Rotirajuci leptir proizvodi zvonast zvuk koji cak i ljudsko uvo moze cuti. Takodje proizvode i zvukove koje ljudsko uvo ne moze cuti, ali riba moze osetiti svojom lateralnom linijom. Leptiri se prave u raznim vrstama, oblicima, bojama od kojih nisu svi jednake kvalitete.
Velicina i oblik leptira odrazava se na rotacionu brzinu i ugao pod kojim varalica ide. Na jacinu vibracija i zvuka, i na brzinu varalice. Sto je leptir kraci i siri, brzina je sporija, kao i ugao rotiranja koji ce biti visok. Duguljasti a uski leptiri se okrecu mnogo brze nego siroki leptiri. Sto je veca povrsina leptira, teze ce se okretati kroz vodu, i otpor je mnogo veci., pogotovu u brzoj vodi. To znaci da nece tonuti brzo, niti ce ostati duboko u brzoj vodi. Duguljasti leptiri su preporucljiviji u brzoj vodi, kao i u travi, jer manja povrsina im omogucava laksi prolaz kroa travu. Siroki leptiri daju vise okretaja i vibracija pri sporom namotavanju. Veoma veliki i siroki leptiri imaju tendeciju da rade kao kasikare, pa naglo cimanje pri anmotavanju je potrebno pri brzom namotavanju, da bi se leptir poceo okretati. veliki i teski leptiri tonu brze pa im to omogucava da idu i ostaju duboko.
Srebrni i zlatni leptiri su najcesce upotrebljivana boja. Sve boje su prilicno zastupljene, i sve rade prilicno dobro u zavisnosti od situacije. Nepisano pravilo je da se po suncanom danu i u bistroj vodi koriste bljestave i svetle boje, a tamne po oblacnom danu i u mutnoj vodi, ali sve zavisi od situacije i neki put je totalno obratno. Na primer neki ribolovci na pastrmku primecuju da rano u sezoni u mali recicama, kada se pastrmke vise hrane larvama nego insektima ili malim ribama, tamno ofarbane leptirice su mnogo efektnije nego svetle i bljestave po svetlon danu.
Pa prema tome i sa varalicama kao i sa ostalim varalicama potrebno je eksperimentisanje dok ne nadjete i stvorite svoju sopstvenu koncepciju i shemu upotrebe leptirica.
Da li su bolje leptirice sa dlakom ili perjem ili pork rindom ili crvom je pitanje koje iziskuje dugotrajnu diskusiju jer ima ravnomeran broj pristalica. Ipak kada birate leptirice budite sigurni da odgovara vasem nacinu i vrsti ribe koju pecate. obratite paznju da ako stavite neki dodatak kao tvister ili nesto drugo, da odgovara velicinom i da nema negativan uticaj na rad varalice. Sigurno je da ako pokusavate naporno i razmisljate logicno, ulov nece izostati.
Veličine i boje
Veličina leptira mora biti bliska veličini željenog plijena, kao i ponašanju pastrve koje se znatno mijenja tijekom godine. Primjerice, na početku ribolovne sezone pastrve malo jedu, ali napadaju plijen većih dimenzija. U takvim prilikama treba ih izazivati u srcu njihovih staništa s leptirima broj 2,3 ili 4, koje treba voditi vrlo sporo i blizu dna.
Kasnije, kada zauzmu mjesta hranjenja u vodenim strujama i budu u punoj prehrambenoj aktivnosti, loveći veliki broj malenih žrtava, najučinkovitiji će biti mali leptiri broja 0, 1 ili 2 koje se brzo kreću blizu površine.
Glede boja, čini se da se potočna pastrva općenito slabo zanima za presjajne leptire, za razliku od kalifornijske pastrve koja je iznimno radoznala i uvijek će je privuči blještava varalica. Usprkos svemu, potrebno je pri izboru boje leptira voditi računa o osvjetljenosti, jer se pri vedrom vremenu i u bistroj vodi pastrvama sve ribe čine puno svjetlije negoli kada je voda nečista ili vrijeme tmurno
Uzvodno ili nizvodno ?
Kad god je to moguće, uvijek je bolje kretati se i loviti uzvodno, jer se na taj način pastrvi dođe iza leđa. No, na svakom mjestu, u nekim je slučajevima neophodno baciti leptir uzlazno, nekad okomito odnosno ispred sebe u smjeru suprotne obale, a u nekim pak slučajevima nizvodno.
Malene rijeke i potoci bolji su za uzlazna bacanja osobito ljeti kada pastrve reagirajau spontano. U protivnom, početkom sezone u hladnim je vodama bolje bacati nizvodno, sporo vodeći leptir blizu dna.
U velikim rijekama najprikladniji je izbačaj ispred sebe u smjeru suprotne obale, sa ili bez namotavanja ovisno o položaju vrha pruta. Posebna se pozornost treba posvetiti vođenju u trenutku kada leptir skrene prema obali, odnosno pravi zaokret. Ukoliko ga je neka pastrva pratila, najčešće ga upravo tada napadne.
